Originally coined in California (where else), a “locavore” is a person that solely consumes foods that hail from within 100 miles of their residence. Recently, as the green and protectionist movements have gained ever more traction, the concept of only eating locally grown or raised foods, has spread to other, let’s say more conventional parts of the country. So, is the rationale for this behavior grounded in sound economics, or is it a fanciful fashion (that should remain indigenous to Cali)?
Farmer’s markets seem to be “sprouting” up in every neighborhood, with ever increasing frequency. Proudly, farmer’s hawk their produce as fresher, and sometimes even as the patriotic alternative! What easier way to end our dependence upon foreign oil, and be American, than to pick a peck of pickled peppers? The hype doesn’t end with the local farmer. Some progressive and enterprising merchants are now including tracking information on their perishables for food-mile conscious consumers. What makes good marketing, however, doesn’t always conform to good economic principles.
The recent push for local consumption is in large part focused around the notion of the “carbon footprint”. It is argued that the closer to home the food item is grown and eaten, the lower the carbon footprint (or energy consumed). Well, maybe yes, maybe no. Don’t you know by now that there are very few absolutes, and that the world is largely composed on a palate of gray! In the instance of food that is air freighted, the evidence generally supports the “greenie” case. When food arrives by sea, rail, or road, the data is much less certain. Let’s toss this “salad” around.
The amount of energy consumed in crop production is much dependent upon the specific farming practices and local conditions. Think of the (electrical, water) cost inputs in New Zealand, for example, as compared to the western United States. Potentially, the advantages of a shorter commute to market and a Sacramento table are overwhelmed by the differentials in utility usage / costs. Growing vast quantities of an item in far away, energy efficient locations often trumps the inefficiencies of small, localized, expensive producers.
The amount of energy consumed is much dependent upon how a specific item arrives at your house, and how it is prepared. Making a short jaunt to the local market in your SUV for that half gallon of milk (and nothing else) you forgot is highly energy inefficient. Fully 45% of the energy demands from a lowly potato, for example, come from the journey to your house, and how you cook it! That hour baking a solitary spud in your conventional oven of decades past doesn’t earn you many EnergyStar points.
So, while the intentions of “locavores” may be admirable and pure, it would be nice to find some additional, irrefutable evidence to support their buying and consumption habits. The next installment in this series will seek to do just that.
Posted by powerofpositive